Liquid Chromatography is an analytical separation technique used to isolate, identify, and quantify components in a mixture. It operates on the principle of differential partitioning of compounds between a stationary phase (solid or liquid-coated material packed in a column) and a mobile phase (a liquid solvent or mixture of solvents that flows through the stationary phase).
As the sample mixture passes through the column with the mobile phase, different components interact with the stationary phase to varying degrees, causing them to migrate at different rates. This results in the separation of compounds, which can then be detected and analyzed.