Disinfectants are chemical agents specifically formulated to destroy or inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi on surfaces. Commonly available in liquid, spray, or wipe forms, they are used to sanitize high-touch areas including countertops, door handles, medical equipment, and bathroom fixtures. Disinfectants often contain active ingredients like alcohol, chlorine compounds, quaternary ammonium, or hydrogen peroxide, providing broad-spectrum antimicrobial protection. Essential in homes, hospitals, hotels, and commercial facilities, disinfectants play a critical role in infection control, ensuring a clean, safe, and hygienic environment.