Glass thermometers are traditional temperature measuring instruments consisting of a sealed glass tube filled with a liquid—commonly mercury or alcohol—that expands or contracts with temperature changes. The liquid level rises or falls along a calibrated scale, providing accurate temperature readings. They are durable, cost-effective, and do not require batteries or electronics, making them reliable in a variety of settings. Glass thermometers are used in laboratories, industrial processes, education, and sometimes in medical applications (though mercury versions are being phased out for safety reasons). Alcohol-filled variants are often preferred for environmental and safety considerations.